SCRAPS
The Verizon 5G Gateways are basically routers (or a larger hotspot device depending on how you view it). They contain a DCHP server in order to manage connected devices (assigning LAN IP addresses). Only real difference is how they connect to the internet. (5G cellular vs. some sort of a physical "cable" connection at the router itself).
Some issues Roku users run into with these devices due to their preference for IPv6 (an internet protocol) and DFS. (channels 52-140). When a router (or a gateway, hotspot, extender, etc) uses these features, going to have problems getting the Roku to connect. Currently, need to use IPv4 (or IPv4/IPv6) and a non-DFS channel (36-48 or 149-161) in order for the Roku devices to connect to the network.
Recently, have also started to run into a few password related issues with some user devices and their networks. Not sure if due to ISP firmware updates or due to Roku updates, but some passwords that were currently working are no longer working. (especially if you use special characters in them). I would eliminate that a possibility first. try changing the password on the 2.4hz and 5ghz bands to something simple (a word or phrase), or just leave field empty if allowed (create open network) just to troubleshoot and eliminate as a possibility.
If the password change makes no difference, then look into the IPv6 and the use of DFS as the next likely culprits.
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Here is a link to one of the Verizon's 5G Gateway models admin portals that describes how to login to make changes. (Here you will also be able to determine your gateway device model number as well once loged in.) https://www.verizon.com/support/knowledge-base-234498/
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Edited to add... I missed your screenshot of the longer USB cable. Roku used to include these with USB power adapters (5volt, 1amp) so you could use wall power in case the TV USB port did not provide power(older TVs) or not enough power if it was a power port. An underpowered Roku device can create issues ranging from restarts, crashes, to poor network performance since power is needed for the wifi module.