Actually, nevermind. It seems that DrawRotatedObject() only supports arbitrary angles on devices with OpenGL support. I guess that's why they never updated the documentation.
The only other way I can think to do it would be something like this, but it's likely to produce jaggies. It does run faster than I expected, though...
' This will create a right triangle lying on its long side
' Create a bitmap the size of the outer bounds of the triangle
' Make sure alpha enable is false, so the lines cut through the bitmap
triangle = CreateObject("roBitmap", { Width: 400, Height: 200, AlphaEnable: False })
' Clear the bitmap to the color you want
triangle.Clear(&HFFFFFFFF)
' Clear out the left slope
For x = 0 To 200
triangle.DrawLine(x, 0, x - 200, 200, &H00000000)
Next
' Clear out the right slope
For x = 200 To 400
triangle.DrawLine(x, 0, x + 200, 200, &H00000000)
Next